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A novel privacy preserving authentication and access control scheme for pervasive computing environments: Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 55, No. 4. (2006), pp. 1373-1384.Priv acy and security are two important but seemingly contradictory objectives in a pervasive computing environment (PCE). On one hand, service providers want to authenticate legitimate users and make sure they are accessing their authorized services in a legal way. On the other hand, users want to maintain the necessary privacy without being tracked down for wherever they are and whatever they are doing. In this paper, a novel privacy preserving authentication and access control scheme to secure the interactions between mobile users and services in PCEs is proposed. The proposed scheme seamlessly integrates two underlying cryptographic primitives, namely blind signature and hash chain, into a highly flexible and lightweight authentication and key establishment protocol. The scheme provides explicit mutual authentication between a user and a service while allowing the user to anonymously interact with the service. Differentiated service access control is also enabled in the proposed scheme by classifying mobile users into different service groups. The correctness of the proposed authentication and key establishment protocol is formally verified based on Burrows-Abadi- Needham logic.K Ren, Wenjing Lou, Kwangjo Kim, R Deng

Source: Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 55, No. 4. (2006), pp. 1373-1384.
Special Section on Convergence of Optical and Wireless Access Networks: Lightwave Technology, Journal of, Vol. 25, No. 11. (2007), pp. 3216-3218.The papers in this special section are devoted to the convergence of optical and wireless access networks.GK Chang, KI Kitayama, A Seeds, J Yu

Source: Lightwave Technology, Journal of, Vol. 25, No. 11. (2007), pp. 3216-3218.
Hybrid Wireless-Optic al Broadband-Acce ss Network (WOBAN): A Review of Relevant Challenges: Lightwave Technology, Journal of, Vol. 25, No. 11. (2007), pp. 3329-3340.The hybrid wireless-optic al broadband-acce ss network (WOBAN) is a promising architecture for future access networks. Recently, the wireless part of WOBAN has been gaining increasing attention, and early versions are being deployed as municipal access solutions to eliminate the wired drop to every wireless router at customer premises. This architecture saves on network deployment cost because the fiber need not penetrate each end-user, and it extends the reach of emerging optical-access solutions, such as passive optical networks. This paper first presents an architecture and a vision for the WOBAN and articulates why the combination of wireless and optical presents a compelling solution that optimizes the best of both worlds. While this discussion briefly touches upon the business drivers, the main arguments are based on technical and deployment considerations . Consequently, the rest of this paper reviews a variety of relevant research challenges, namely, network setup, network connectivity, and fault-tolerant behavior of the WOBAN. In the network setup, we review the design of a WOBAN where the back end is a wired optical network, the front end is managed by a wireless connectivity, and, in between, the tail ends of the optical part [known as optical network unit (ONU)] communicate directly with wireless base stations (known as ldquogateway routersrdquo). We outline algorithms to optimize the placement of ONUs in a WOBAN and report on a survey that we conducted on the distribution and types of wireless routers in the Wildhorse residential neighborhood of North Davis, CA. Then, we examine the WOBAN's routing properties (network connectivity), discuss the pros and cons of various routing algorithms, and summarize the idea behind fault-tolerant design of such hybrid networks.S Sarkar, S Dixit, B Mukherjee

Source: Lightwave Technology, Journal of, Vol. 25, No. 11. (2007), pp. 3329-3340.
p-i-n Photodiodes for Frequency Mixing in Radio-Over-Fib er Systems: Lightwave Technology, Journal of, Vol. 25, No. 11. (2007), pp. 3236-3243. In this paper, the theory of optoelectronic frequency mixing in p-i-n photodiodes is presented. The theory is experimentally approved by measurements of InGaAs/InP p-i-n photodiodes that operate in a frequency range of up to 3 GHz. The design- and operating-regi me peculiarities of the InGaAs/InP p-i-n photodiode as an optoelectronic upconverter in a radio-over-fib er system are discussed. SA Malyshev, AL Chizh

Source: Lightwave Technology, Journal of, Vol. 25, No. 11. (2007), pp. 3236-3243.
Fiber to the home/fiber to the premises: what, where, and when?: Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 94, No. 5. (2006), pp. 911-934.After conquering the core and metropolitan networks, fiber is now penetrating into the access domain. Its low loss and huge bandwidth enable the delivery of any current and foreseeable set of broadband services, and also make it a nice match to the wireless link to the end user. Cost effectiveness is a key issue, and will be decisive for the network topology choices. Point-to-point may be the most cost-effective for short-reach access, whereas point-to-multi point may be the most interesting at medium- to long-reach access, or when line terminations in the local exchange become a key issue. A number of optical techniques being deployed for shared-fiber multiple access are discussed, based on time slot multiplexing, frequency slot multiplexing, code division multiplexing, and wavelength multiplexing, including their application in fiber to the home/fiber to the premises (FTTH/FTTP) networks for fast data transfer (asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) or Ethernet based) and for broadband service distribution (such as CATV). In the research laboratories, techniques aiming at next-generatio n optical access are being studied, such as wavelength routing for flexible capacity allocation and easily adaptable hosting of services and service providers, and radio-over-fib er techniques creating a powerful symbiosis of the fiber world and the wireless world by enabling centralized radio signal processing.T Koonen

Source: Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 94, No. 5. (2006), pp. 911-934.
Comparison of computer interface devices for persons with severe physical disabilities.: Am J Occup Ther, Vol. 47, No. 11. (November 1993), pp. 1022-1030.This research employed a descriptive case study design to compare subjects' performance using three computer input devices: the Tongue Touch Keypad, the HeadMaster, and the mouthstick. The sample consisted of four students with severe physical disabilities enrolled in an adaptive computer class at a community college. Components of performance examined were input speed, accuracy, and level of perceived exertion. Subjects' acceptance of each of the interface devices was also examined. Results showed input speed to be the fastest with the mouthstick, followed by the HeadMaster and then the Tongue Touch Keypad. Accuracy of input did not vary significantly. Three subjects rated the Tongue Touch Keypad as requiring the lowest rate of perceived exertion, followed by the HeadMaster and then the mouthstick. Overall performance did not necessarily affect subjects' acceptability ratings of the devices. Information from this study will assist therapists in evaluating the effectiveness and desirability of computer interface devices for patients.C Lau, S O'Leary

Source: Am J Occup Ther, Vol. 47, No. 11. (November 1993), pp. 1022-1030.
Is information and communication technology an opportunity for parents of children with disabilities?: Int J Rehabil Res, Vol. 27, No. 2. (June 2004), pp. 113-118.The main themes of this article are parents' expectations, experiences and influence of information and communication technology and children with disabilities. This article will focus on how parents of children with disabilities experience 7 months of computer activities together with their children. The results indicated that expectations comprise several aspects. The central theme is the parents' sincere hope that their children will be able to participate actively in society and have the same opportunities as other children.P Lindstrand, J Brodin

Source: Int J Rehabil Res, Vol. 27, No. 2. (June 2004), pp. 113-118.
Non-use of provided assistive technology devices, a literature overview: Technology and Disability, Vol. 15, No. 4. (January 2003), pp. 231-238.Over the years, several studies have been performed on the subject of non-use of provided assistive technology. All of them report high rates of non-use. In this literature overview the determinants mentioned in literature that affect the degree of non-use will be discussed. They will be compared to the determinants that affect adherence with medical interventions. First, the various definitions of non-use used in literature will be compared. Next, an overview of the determinants of non-use of assistive technology will be given, categorized under personal factors, factors related to the assistive device, factors related to the user's environment and factors related to the intervention. After comparing these factors to the factors found in literature related to adherence with medical interventions, the strategies used to reduce non-adherence with medical interventions will be "translated" into the field of assistive technology provision.R Wessels, B Dijcks, M Soede, GJ Gelderblom, L De Witte

Source: Technology and Disability, Vol. 15, No. 4. (January 2003), pp. 231-238.
Inadequacies in computer access using assistive technology devices in profoundly disabled individuals: An overview of the current literature: Disability and Rehabilitation : Assistive Technology, Vol. 2, No. 4. (2007), pp. 189-199.Purpos e. This study sought to provide a review of the contemporary literature regarding computer access for persons with severe and multiple disabilities using assistive technology (AT). Anecdotally, persons with severe disabilities are assumed to be underserved by the AT community, and the causalities behind this perception were explored. Method. An online comprehensive search of literature pertaining to computer access for persons with severe and multiple disabilities was initiated. Due to the fact that personal computers (PCs) have been widely been available for nearly 25 years, ?contemporary literature? was defined as any source(s) from that era relevant to persons with severe disabilities accessing a computer. Databases including the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) and the United States National Institutes of Heath (PubMed) were accessed for information in scholarly journals and for Web Postings. Additionally, the Coleman Institute's Assistive Technology Literature Database which provides a comprehensive listing of AT Journals was utilized, and each of the Websites of these journals was accessed and searched. Search engines on the web including Google Scholar, Altavista, Infomine, and Scirus were utilized as well. Conclusion. The study depicts the evolution from a ?medical model? to a ?social model? in rendering AT services for these individuals. Prescribing the proper device to enable computer access to persons with severe disabilities is a complex undertaking, and services have been inadequate. Technological advances that enable computer access for persons with disabilities have not reached those persons that need it most, particularly those with severe disabilities, for a number of reasons. The literature is replete with explanations for the underutilizati on of AT for computer access including prejudicial views towards persons with disabilities, inadequate assessments, lack of a person-centere d approach, and methods for practice that are not evidence based.Brian Hoppestad

Source: Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, Vol. 2, No. 4. (2007), pp. 189-199.
Hand strengthening with a computer for purposeful activity.: Am J Occup Ther, Vol. 47, No. 7. (July 1993), pp. 635-637.TI King

Source: Am J Occup Ther, Vol. 47, No. 7. (July 1993), pp. 635-637.

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